Disintegrating paper making material



13, I LAMCIJRT DISINTEGRATING PAPER MAKING MATERIAL Filed Ma roh 9, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet Fig.2

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- April 13, 1937. M. LAMORT 2,076,899

DISINTEGRATING PAPER MAKING MATERIAL Filed March 9, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2' .I v A H fa ce/17%} 7 Lamar Patented Apr. 13, 1937 UNITED STATES DISIN'I'EGRATING PAPER MAKING MATERIAL Marcel Lamort, Vitry-le-Francois, France, as- I Signor to E. at M. Lamort Fils, Vitry-le-Frane cois, France I Application March 9, 1934, Serial No. 714,883 In France March 17, 1933 dClaims. (01.9240) I The present invention is concerned with an apparatus for disintegrating and sorting paper making materials in presence of a liquid. Many paper making factories usually receive their raw material in the form of a dry or substantially dry cellulose; the present apparatus is particularly intended to transform said raw material into a fluid paper pulp.

The invention essentially consists in the combination of rotating means or stirring wheels revolving in a chamber having its walls at least partially provided with openings of the convenient size. The rotating means disintegrate the materials which pass through the openings-as soon 5 as they are reduced into particles smaller than such openings. The displacement of the stirring wheels adjacent to the walls will generate pulsations which prevent the openings from being clogged and secure a high output through the same. Said action may be increased by providing with ribs the inner surface of the walls.

Should the materials fed into the apparatus be liable to contain foreign bodies, means would be provided in order to forward said foreign bodies in the apparatus towards a. place from which they may be extracted. The extraction should be advantageously accomplished by means of a door which, though being normally closed, is liable to yield under the pressure of said foreign bodies which thrust back the doorand escape.

In order to obtain the forward motion of the foreign bodies towards their outlet, 'variousmeans may be provided, 1. e. either fixed ribs arranged 5 under the proper slope with respect to the axis of revolution, ora stirring wheel of convenient shape, for instance formedas. a propeller, or again inclined walls.

By way of example and in order to facilitate 40 the understanding of the present invention, the

accompanyingdrawlngs show:

Figure 1 a lengthwise vertical sectionof a disintegrating grates apparatus. I

Figure 2 a transverse section on the line 11-11 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 a lengthwise vertical section of an apparatus for treating materials which contain foreign bodies.

Figure 4 a transverse section on the line IV-IV of Figure 3.

The apparatus shown comprises atank l at the-center of which are provided two stirring wheels arrangedpinthe same-vertical plane and having. parallel-shafts 2, 3; three sets of four '55 grates are carried upon each shaft such as 2 and are arranged at right angles from each other. The lateral sets I, 5, are offset 45 with respect to the central set 6. Each grate is constituted by semi-circular rods as shown in Figure 2. By meansof the pulley l and of the toothed pinions 8, 9, the stirring wheels of both shafts turn in the opposite directions, meshing as gear teeth, but without contacting; the materials to be treated are consequently very powerfully stirred up.

The stirring wheels are enclosed in a perforated sheet chamber l I, having. its walls lying in close proximity to the wheels except at the upper part where the chamber is connected to a hopper l2. The materials to be treated are fed into said hopper while the treating liquids are supplied by the pipes l3, l4, l5. The materials are first of all entrained in the liquid by means of the stirring wheels 4, 5, B, and properly moistened; they are then powerfully disintegrated and reduced into more and more fine particles. When the particles reach a suificiently reduced size, they pass through the openings provided into the chamber II and penetrate into the tank I from which they are extracted for the subsequent treatments.

The stirring wheels cause violent displacements of the liquid; furthermore when the peripheral rods, such as l6 pass in close proximity to the chamber they will generate pulsations which prevent the openings to get clogged. Said pulsating action is increased by theribs ll provided on the inner wall of the chamber.

Said apparatus is particularly adapted for paper making factories which receive celluloses and wood pulps in dry state shipped as bales formed by highly pressed sheets. Said sheets were hitherto transformed into pulp by means of breakers, mills or refining hollanders. Said apparatus, of high cost, 1 maintain in motion a large amount of materials during a rather long time, have large overall size and necessitate a strong power;. they further are provided with parts which injure the fibre thus reducing its grade and changing its state.

In the present apparatus either the cellulose sheets or wood pulp sheets, or the paper waste or like materials are disintegrated without interfering with the fibre.

Furthermore a reduced power is suifici'ent; the

apparatus effectively acts upon a small mass of 1 products to be treated and said mass is worked on in all its parts at a time, thus securing a very rapid disintegration with a high saving in the input.

Several apparatus arranged in cascade and each of them provided with perforated plates,-

having openings of different sizes, enable the obtaining of a range of disintegrated products according to the needs.

The apparatus shown in Figures 3 and 4 further comprises a tank 18, a perforated chamber l9 and stirring wheels respectively carried on the shafts 20 and 2 I. Said wheels are constituted by 10 a number of branched arms 22 distributed upon the shafts according to spiral lines. The chamber I9 is partially shaped at its bottom as a truncated pyramid and its bottom 24 is sloped towards the right (Figure 3); a rib 24 lying in obliquity with respect to the shafts of the stirring wheels is secured on said bottom. Other ribs 3| act in the same way as the ribs I'I shown in Figure 2.

The arrangement according to spiral lines of the arms of the stirring wheels, the slope of the bottom, and the obliquity of the rib 24 enables it to forward the foreign bodies towards the right end of Figure 3. This arrangement is particularly advantageous when the materials to be.

25 treated contain waste substances.

At the right end of the tank are provided openings closed by the doors 25, 26 which are maintained in the closed position by means of counterweights 21, 28; however, under the pressure of foreign bodies said doors will open and leave a free passage to the same. In this way the floating materials are discharged at 25 and the heavier bodies at 26. The pulp is flown out at 29, 30. V

In both embodiments herein shown the shafts are parallel and arranged in a vertical plane, but it is understood that said shafts could be inclined in order'to facilitate the forward movement of materials or again they could be set in a horizontal plane, should this arrangement be deemed more advantageous.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

1. An apparatus for transforming into fluid paper pulp semi-raw materials such as sheets of cellulose, comprising a tank, means for removing the pulp from the tank when the latter is full of liquid, a perforated chamber in the tank, the lower part of which chamber is sloped, a gate normally closing an opening disposed in said chamber at the bottom of the slope, means maintaining said gate in closed position against the pressure of the liquid, but yielding to the outward pressure of foreign bodies in the chamber having a density greater than that of the pulp, and at least two rotatable stirrers in said chamber carrying arms, which stirrers turn about substantially parallel axes spaced apart from each I other.

2. An apparatus for transforming into fluid paper pulp semi-raw materials such as sheets of cellulose, comprising a tank, means for removing the pulp from the tank when the latter is full of liquid, a perforated chamber in the tank, at least two horizontal shafts disposed in the same vertical plane, rotatable stirrers in said chamber and disposed on said shafts, the said stirrers carrying arms, a rib disposed obliquely along the interior of the bottom of said chamber, a gate normally closing an opening in said chamber at one end of said rib, and means maintaining said gate in its closed position against the pressure of the liquid, but yielding to the outward pressure of foreign bodies in the chamber having a density greater than that of the puhl 3. An apparatus for transforming into fluid paper pulp semi-raw materials such as sheets of cellulose, comprising a tank means for removing the pulp from the tank when the latter is full of liquid, a perforated chamber in the tank, at least two rotatable stirrers in said chamber carrying arms, which stirrers turn about substantially parallel axes spaced apart from each other, an outlet for the discharge of foreign bodies provided at the bottom of the chamber, and yieldable means normally preventing the pulp from escaping through said outlet, said means being opened under the pressure of the foreign bodies so that the latter may flow out.

4. An apparatus for transforming into fluid paper pulp semi-raw materials such as sheets of cellulose, comprising a tank, means for removing the pulp from the tank when the latter is full of liquid, a perforated chamber in the tank, at least two rotatable stirrers in said chamber carrying arms, which stirrers turn about substantially parallel axes spaced apart from each other, an outlet for the discharge of foreign bodies provided at the top of the chamber, and yieldable means normally preventing the pulp from escaping through said outlet, said means being opened under the pressure of the foreign bodies so that the latter may flow out.

MARC-EL, LAMORT. 

